napza & retensi urin

lagi mencoba mencari hub amfetamin (kan napza :3) dengan retensi urin

1) ada slah 1 web (dari RS/ organisasi kesehatan c), dia blg amfetamin kan kerjanya dg pelepasan noradrenalin k nerve ending. dia bikin retensi urin krn isa bikin sfingterna kontraksi, & relaksasi dr bladder (http://www.aadac.com/87_419.asp)

2) web berikutna juga bilang kalo amfetamin isa bikin retensi urin krn efekna thd aktivitas alfa-agonis pada perifer (reseptor alfa kan reseptorna simpatis ya?) yg ujung2na adalah meningkatnya bladder sphincter tone: (http://www.inchem.org/documents/pims/pharm/pim934.htm#SubSectionTitle:9.4.6%20%20Urinary)

"Increased bladder sphincter tone may
cause dysuria, hesitancy and acute urinary
retention. This effect may be a direct result
of peripheral alpha-agonist activity.

Spontaneous rupture of the bladder has been
described in a young woman who took alcohol
and an amphetamine-containing diet tablet"

3) ada web lain (tulisan seorang dr anestesi) cuma ngomong sekilas kalo morfin bisa bikin sfingterna kontraksi lalu retensi urin
http://www.nda.ox.ac.uk/wfsa/html/u03/u03_016.htm

"Morphine also has an effect on the muscle of the bowel and urinary tract, causing the sphincter to contract and reduce the peristalsis (the wavelike movements of the bowel muscle that propel its contents forwards). This results in a delayed emptying of the stomach, constipa tion, and may also lead to urinary retention. "

4) web lain yg jg bilang kl opioid bikin retensi urin ok increase sphincter tone (tp cm ngmg): http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/287790-overview

5) web lain (cuma kasi liad abstrak dari jurnal --> pelit abis) juga ngmg kl amfetamin isa bikin retensi urin (kadang2) ok perangsangan alfa adenoseptor di sfingter: http://www.mdma.net/misc/urinary.html

6) (WAJIB BUKA YANG INI KAYANYA BAGUS). judul jurnal: urinary retention with misuse of ectasy: http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/310/6978/504/a

7) ada jurnal lagi yg ngomong kl chronic use of MDMA --> retensi urin (http://jmt.pennpress.org/strands/jmt/pdfHandler.pdf;jsessionid=F09E105D28B538C5EAF88D1BDA66429D?issue=20080402&file=20080402_106_108.pdf). dia sendiri bilang patfisna masi lom jelas (BACA PARAGRAF TERAKHIR)

8) ada comment dari jurnal yg ngmg bagaimana patfis dari ekstasi bisa bikin retensi urin (OK UNTUK DIBACA): http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/118853395/HTMLSTART

tapi yg ku bingung. ku dapet sumber, laporan dari british journal, yg bilang justru amfetamin dibuktikan berhasil mengatasi retensi urin . tp jurnal lama c,, nda daped yg baru,, yg baru pada nyuru bayar T.T
coba liad aja:
http://www.jstor.org/pss/25393776

apa mgkn karena retensi urin ada macem" yah,,